Peer-for-Peer

The term “peer-for-peer” stems from Zenna Elfen’s master thesis1 and describes networking protocols that are characterized by small, modular and community-driven infrastructures.

There is a strong overlap beween this term and the human-centric networking (HCN) concept. The main difference is P4P’s focus on smaller networks, while HCN’s scope is global.


  1. Zenna Elfen. 2024. P4P: Steps Toward more Adaptive Internets: charting Open-Source, P2P and Local-First Networks.
    https://works.hcommons.org/records/naj7d-6g984
    See also: References ↩︎